Paul Ekman Wikipedia. Paul Ekman. Born. February 1. 5, 1. Halloween Movies Your Family Will Want to Watch Again and Again. Fall just wouldnt feel right without em. Factors That Contribute to Low Magnesium Are you getting enough Ask yourself these 10 questions and learn to recognize the early warning signs. Paul Ekman born February 15, 1934 is an American psychologist and professor emeritus at the University of California, San Francisco who is a pioneer in the study of. This Is the Medical Reason Why Your Eye Twitches, and How to Stop It. Washington, D. C. Residence. United States. Known for. Microexpressions, Lie to Me. SpousesMary Ann Mason, J. D., Ph. D. Awards. Named by the American Psychological Association as one of the most influential psychologists of the 2. Honorary Degree, University of Fernando Pessoa, Portugal 2. Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters, Adelphi University 2. Honorary Degree, University of Geneva, Switzerland 2. Named of the 1. 00 Most Influential People in the World by Time Magazine 2. Honorary Degree, Lund University, Sweden 2. Scientific career. Fields. Psychology. Anthropology. Doctoral advisor. John Amsden Starkweather. Influences. Charles Darwin, Silvan Tomkins. Paul Ekman born February 1. Americanpsychologist and professor emeritus at the University of California, San Francisco who is a pioneer in the study of emotions and their relation to facial expressions. He has created an atlas of emotions with more than ten thousand facial expressions, and has gained a reputation as the best human lie detector in the world. He was ranked 5. Ekman conducted seminal research on the specific biological correlations of specific emotions, demonstrating the universality and discreteness of emotions in a Darwinian approach. BiographyeditChildhoodeditPaul Ekman was born to Jewish parents5 in 1. Washington, D. C., and grew up in New Jersey, Washington, Oregon, and California. His father was a pediatrician and his mother was an attorney. B7RdBKhRA/0.jpg' alt='Watch Twitches Online' title='Watch Twitches Online' />His sister, Joyce Steingart, is a psychoanalytic psychologist who before her retirement practiced in New York City. Ekman originally wanted to be a psychotherapist, but when he was drafted into the army in 1. This experience converted him from wanting to be a psychotherapist to wanting to be a researcher, in order to help as many people as possible. EducationeditAt the age of 1. Paul Ekman enrolled at the University of Chicago where he completed three years of undergraduate study. JOpKXKmY/hqdefault.jpg' alt='Watch Twitches Online' title='Watch Twitches Online' />Two teen witches who were separated at birth and were adopted by two different families meet on their 21st birthday and must use their powers to save the world in. JAV Tube Japanese Porn Streaming. Japanese Adult Video JAV, Full Length XXX Movies, Watch Free Porn Videos. During his time in Chicago he was fascinated by group therapy sessions and understanding group dynamics. Watch The Raven Online Metacritic. Notably, his classmates at Chicago included writer Susan Sontag, film director Mike Nichols, and actress Elaine May. He then studied two years at New York University NYU, earning his BA in 1. The subject of his first research project, under the direction of his NYU professor, Margaret Tresselt, was an attempt to develop a test of how people would respond to group therapy. Next, Ekman was accepted into the Adelphi University graduate program for clinical psychology. While working for his masters degree, Ekman was awarded a predoctoral research fellowship from the National Institute of Mental Health NIMH in 1. His Masters thesis was focused on facial expression and body movement he had begun to study in 1. Ekman eventually went on to receive his Ph. D. in clinical psychology at Adelphi University in 1. Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric Institute. Military serviceeditEkman was drafted into the U. S. Army in 1. 95. Langley Porter was finished. He served as first lieutenant chief psychologist, at Fort Dix, New Jersey, where he did research on army stockades and psychological changes during infantry basic training. Upon completion of military service in 1. Leonard Krasner at the Palo Alto Veterans Administration Hospital, working on a grant focused on the operant conditioning of verbal behavior in psychiatric patients. Ekman also met anthropologist Gregory Bateson in 1. Palo Alto Veterans Administration Hospital. Five years later, Gregory Bateson gave Paul Ekman motion picture films taken in Bali in the mid 1. Ekman with cross cultural studies of expression and gesture. From 1. Ekman was supported by a post doctoral fellowship from NIMH. He submitted his first research grant through San Francisco State College with himself as the principal investigator PI at the young age of 2. He received this grant from the National Institute of Mental Health NIMH in 1. This award would be continuously renewed for the next 4. University of California, San Francisco UCSF in 1. Encouraged by his college friend and teacher Silvan S. Tomkins, Ekman shifted his focus from body movement to facial expressions. He wrote his most famous book, Telling Lies, and published it in 1. The 4th edition is still in print. He retired in 2. 00. Department of Psychiatry at the University of California, San Francisco UCSF. From 1. 96. 0 to 2. Langley Porter Psychiatric Institute on a limited basis consulting on various clinical cases. After retiring from the University of California, San Francisco, Paul Ekman founded the Paul Ekman Group PEG and Paul Ekman International. The Paul Ekman Group, develops and offers online emotional skills building programs such as the Micro Expression Training Tool, offers workshops, supports researchers in our field, and builds online community around these topics. They do not take individual cases. Also, PEG offers a micro expression and subtle expression training tool for sale on their website. In 2. 00. 1, Ekman collaborated with John Cleese for the BBCdocumentary series The Human Face. His work is frequently referred to in the TV series Lie to Me. Dr. Lightman is based on Paul Ekman, and Ekman served as a scientific adviser for the series he read and edited the scripts and sent video clip notes of facial expressions for the actors to imitate. While Ekman has written 1. Lie to Me has more effectively brought Ekmans research into peoples homes. Lie to Me has aired in more than 6. He has also collaborated with Pixars film director and animator Pete Docter in preparation of his 2. Inside Out. 2. 1 Ekman also wrote a parents guide to using Inside Out to help parents talk with their children about emotion, which can be found on his personal website www. InfluenceeditHe was named one of the top Time 1. May 1. 1, 2. 00. 9 edition of Time magazine. Watch Executive Decision Mediafire'>Watch Executive Decision Mediafire. He was also ranked fifteenth among the most influential psychologists of the 2. Archives of Scientific Psychology. He is currently on the Editorial Board of Greater Good magazine, published by the Greater Good Science Center of the University of California, Berkeley. His contributions include the interpretation of scientific research into the roots of compassion, altruism, and peaceful human relationships. Research workeditMeasuring nonverbal communicationeditEkmans interest in nonverbal communication led to his first publication in 1. He chose the Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric Institute, the psychiatry department of the University of California Medical School, for his clinical internship partly because Jurgen Ruesch and Weldon Kees had recently published a book called Nonverbal Communication 1. Ekman then focused on developing techniques for measuring nonverbal communication. He found that facial muscular movements that created facial expressions could be reliably identified through empirical research. He also found that human beings are capable of making over 1. Psychologist Silvan Tomkins convinced Ekman to extend his studies of nonverbal communication from body movement to the face, helping him design his classic cross cultural emotion recognition studies. Interestingly enough, Tomkins also supervised Carroll Izard at the same time, fostering a similar interest in emotion through cross cultural research. Emotions as universal categorieseditIn The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals published in 1. Charles Darwin theorized that emotions were evolved traits universal to the human species. However, the prevalent belief during the 1. A prominent advocate of the latter perspective was the anthropologist Margaret Mead who had travelled to different countries examining how cultures communicated using nonverbal behaviour. Through a series of studies, Ekman found a high agreement across members of diverse Western and Eastern literate cultures on selecting emotional labels that fit facial expressions. Birdwatching Wikipedia. Birdwatching, or birding, is a form of wildlife observation in which the observation of birds is a recreational activity. It can be done with the naked eye, through a visual enhancement device like binoculars and telescopes, by listening for bird sounds,12 or by watching public webcams. Birdwatching often involves a significant auditory component, as many bird species are more easily detected and identified by ear than by eye. Most birdwatchers pursue this activity for recreational or social reasons, unlike ornithologists, who engage in the study of birds using formal scientific methods. Birding, birdwatching, and twitchingeditThe first recorded use of the term birdwatcher was in 1. The term birding was also used for the practice of fowling or hunting with firearms as in Shakespeares The Merry Wives of Windsor 1. She laments sir. The terms birding and birdwatching are today used by some interchangeably, although some participants prefer birding, partly because it includes the auditory aspects of enjoying birds. In North America, many birders differentiate themselves from birdwatchers, and the term birder is unfamiliar to most lay people. At the most basic level, the distinction is perceived as one of dedication or intensity, though this is a subjective differentiation. Generally, self described birders perceive themselves to be more versed in minutiae like identification aural and visual, molt, distribution, migration timing, and habitat usage. Whereas these dedicated birders may often travel specifically in search of birds, birdwatchers have been described by some enthusiasts as having a more limited scope, perhaps not venturing far from their own yards or local parks to view birds. Indeed, in 1. Birding Glossary appeared in Birding magazine which gave the following definitions Birder. The acceptable term used to describe the person who seriously pursues the hobby of birding. May be professional or amateur. Birding. A hobby in which individuals enjoy the challenge of bird study, listing, or other general activities involving bird life. Bird watcher. A rather ambiguous term used to describe the person who watches birds for any reason at all, and should not be used to refer to the serious birder. Birding, Volume 1, No. Twitching is a British term used to mean the pursuit of a previously located rare bird. In North America it is more often called chasing, though the British usage is starting to catch on there, especially among younger birders. The term twitcher, sometimes misapplied as a synonym for birder, is reserved for those who travel long distances to see a rare bird that would then be ticked, or counted on a list. The term originated in the 1. Howard Medhurst, a British birdwatcher. Prior terms for those who chased rarities were pot hunter, tally hunter, or tick hunter. Watch Get Out Online Mic on this page. The main goal of twitching is often to accumulate species on ones lists. Some birders engage in competition to accumulate the longest species list. The act of the pursuit itself is referred to as a twitch or a chase. A rare bird that stays put long enough for people to see it is twitchable or chaseable. Twitching is highly developed in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Denmark, Ireland, Finland and Sweden. The size of these countries makes it possible to travel throughout them quickly and with relative ease. The most popular twitches in the UK have drawn large crowds for example, approximately 2,5. Kent, England, to view a golden winged warbler Vermivora chrysoptera, which is native to North America. Twitchers have developed their own vocabulary. For example, a twitcher who fails to see a rare bird has dipped out if other twitchers do see the bird, he may feel gripped off. Suppression is the act of concealing news of a rare bird from other twitchers. Many birdwatchers maintain a life list, that is, a list of all of the species they have seen in their life, usually with details about the sighting such as date and location. The American Birding Association has specific rules about how a bird species may be documented and recorded in such a list if it is submitted to the ABA however, the criteria for the personal recording of these lists are very subjective. Some birdwatchers count species they have identified audibly, while others only record species that they have identified visually. Some also maintain a country list, state list, county list, yard list, year list, or any combination of these. The history of birdwatchingeditThe early interest in observing birds for their aesthetic rather than utilitarian mainly food value is traced to the late 1. Gilbert White, Thomas Bewick, George Montagu and John Clare. The study of birds and natural history in general became increasingly prevalent in Britain during the Victorian Era, often associated with collection, eggs and later skins being the artifacts of interest. Wealthy collectors made use of their contacts in the colonies to obtain specimens from around the world. It was only in the late 1. The Audubon Society was started to protect birds from the growing trade in feathers in the United States while the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds began in Britain. The term birdwatching appeared for the first time as the title of a book Bird Watching by Edmund Selous in 1. In North America, the identification of birds, once thought possible only by shooting was made possible by the emergence of optics and field identification guides. The earliest field guide in the US was Birds through an Opera Glass 1. Florence Bailey. 1. Birding in North America was focused in the early and mid 2. Ludlow Griscom and later Roger Tory Peterson. Bird Neighbors 1. Neltje Blanchan was an early birding book which sold over 2. It was illustrated with color photographs of stuffed birds. The organization and networking of those interested in birds began through organizations like the Audubon Society that was against the killing of birds and the American Ornithologists Union AOU. The rising popularity of the car increased the mobility of birdwatchers and this made new locations accessible to those interested in birds. Networks of birdwatchers in the UK began to form in the late 1. British Trust for Ornithology BTO. The BTO saw the potential to produce scientific results through the networks, unlike the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds RSPB which like the Audubon Society originated from the bird protection movement. Like the AOU in North America, the BOU had a focus mainly in collection based taxonomy. The BOU changed focus to ecology and behaviour only in the 1. The BTO movement towards organized birdwatching, was opposed by the RSPB which claimed that the scientification of the pastime was undesirable. This stand was to change only in 1. RSPB was taken over by Tom Harrisson and others. Harrisson was instrumental in the organization of pioneering surveys of the great crested grebe. Increased mobility of birdwatchers ensured that books like Where to Watch Birds by John Gooders became best sellers. By the 1. 96. 0s air travel became feasible and long distance holiday destinations opened up with the result that by 1. Britains first birding tour company, Ornitholidays was started by Lawrence Holloway. Travelling far away also led to problems in name usage, British birds like wheatear, heron and swallow needed adjectives to differentiate them in places where there were several related species. The falling cost of air travel made flying to remote birding destinations a possibility for a large number of people towards the 1. The need for global guides to birds became more relevant and one of the biggest projects that began was the Handbook of the Birds of the World which started in the 1. Josep del Hoyo a country doctor in Catalonia, Jordi Sargatal and ornithologist Andy Elliott.